The Kyrgyz Republic is a land-locked, lower-middle-income country. It has rich endowments, including minerals, forests, arable land, and pastures, and has significant potential for the expansion of its agriculture sector, hydroelectricity production, and tourism industry.
The country has experienced instability since independence in 1991. Corruption and nepotism were major stress factors underlying revolts that deposed presidents in 2005 and 2010. A parliamentary constitution was adopted in 2010, making the Kyrgyz Republic the only Central Asian country in which the president is limited to a single term (World Bank, 2020).
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